What Are IP Ratings?

Ingress Protection (IP) Rating Guide by Havit

When choosing lighting products or electrical equipment, you might encounter a term like IP Rating followed by a couple of numbers (e.g., IP65). But what does it mean, and why should it matter to you? Let’s break it down.

What is an IP Rating?

IP stands for Ingress Protection. It’s a standard that indicates how well a product is sealed against solids (like dust) and liquids (like water). IP Ratings are essential for determining the suitability of a product for different environments—be it indoors, outdoors, or extreme conditions.
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Decoding the Numbers in IP Ratings

An IP Rating consists of two digits:

First digit (solids): Protection against solid particles like dust.

  • 0: No protection.
  • 1-4: Protection from large objects to small objects (like tools or wires).
  • 5: Dust-protected (minimal ingress allowed).
  • 6: Completely dust-tight.

Second digit (liquids): Protection against moisture or water.

  • 0: No protection.
  • 1-6: Protection from dripping water to high-pressure jets.
  • 7-8: Protection against immersion in water (up to specified depths and durations).

For instance, IP65 means the product is dust-tight and can withstand low-pressure water jets.
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How should you choose the Right IP Rating? 

The best IP Rating for your needs depends on where and how the product will be used:

  • Indoors: IP20 or higher is typically sufficient for general use in dry environments.
  • Outdoors: Opt for at least IP44 to ensure protection from splashes and larger particles. For areas exposed to heavy rain or dust, IP65 or higher is recommended.
  • Extreme Environments: For underwater applications or highly dusty locations, look for IP67 or IP68.

Understanding IP Ratings ensures you select products that are durable and safe for your specific application. Whether you're lighting up a garden, upgrading a bathroom, or planning an industrial project, check the IP Rating to match the demands of the environment.

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